Post Time: 2025-02-18
Error: No content files found.Definition:_ Diabetes is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels, resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. _Types of Diabetes:_ 1. *Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)*: An autoimmune disease where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. 2. *Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)*: A metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. 3. *Gestational Diabetes (GDM)*: A type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy, usually in the second or third trimester. 4. *LADA (Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults)*: A form of type 1 diabetes that develops in Get More Information adults. 5. *MODY (Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young)*: A rare form of diabetes caused by genetic mutations. _Causes and Risk Factors:_ 1. *Genetics*: Family history of diabetes. 2. *Obesity*: Being overweight or obese. 3. *Physical inactivity*: Sedentary lifestyle. 4. *Age*: Risk increases with age. 5. *Ethnicity*: Certain prev ethnic groups are more prone to developing diabetes. 6. *History of gestational diabetes*: Women who had GDM during pregnancy are at increased risk. _Symptoms:_ 1. *Increased thirst and hunger* 2. *Frequent urination* 3. *Fatigue* 4. *Blurred vision* 5. *Slow healing of cuts and wounds* 6. *Tingling or numbness in hands and feet* _Complications:_ 1. *Cardiovascular disease*: Heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease. 2. *Kidney damage*: Diabetic nephropathy. 3. *Nerve damage*: Diabetic neuropathy. 4. *Eye damage*: Diabetic retinopathy. 5. *Foot damage*: Diabetic foot ulcers. _Diagnosis:_ 1. *Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test*: Measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast. 2. *Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)*: Measures blood glucose levels after consuming a sugary drink. 3. *Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test*: Measures average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months. _Treatment and Management:_ 1. *Lifestyle modifications*: Healthy diet, regular exercise, weight management. 2. *Medications*: Metformin, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, DPP-4 Click Link inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors. 3. *Insulin therapy*: For type 1 diabetes and some cases of type 2 diabetes. _Prevention:_ 1. *Maintain a healthy weight*: Through a balanced diet and regular exercise. 2. *Exercise regularly*: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week. 3. *Eat a balanced diet*: Focus on whole, unprocessed foods like vegetables, fruits, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. 4. *Get enough sleep*: Aim for 7-8 hours of sleep per night.